Sonsoles Velázquez started her scientific career at the Department of Organic Chemistry at the Complutense University of Madrid where he received his Bachelor's Thesis (1988). In 1989 he joined the Medicinal Chemistry Institute of CSIC for Doctoral Thesis, obtaining her Doctorate in Chemistry from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1993. Later, she realized a post-doctoral stay of two years at the School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University (United Kingdom) thanks to a grant from the European Union. After her reincorporation to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry as Contracted Investigator, she took possession as Tenured Scientist of the CSIC in 2000 and as a Senior Research Scientist in 2007

Her research has focused on the design and synthesis of compounds with antiviral activity against herpes virus and HIV. She has also developed a novel prodrug approach (based on the endogenous enzyme DPPIV/CD26) that has greatly improved the water solubility and the oral bioavailability of a variety of compounds/drugs. Recently, she is involved in the search of modulators of protein-protein interactions as a new strategy for the development of anti-AIDS and anti-Leishmania agents. From a chemical point of view, her investigation comprises both the field of nucleoside chemistry and heterocycles and peptides.